tisane hibiscus hypertension

Hypertension is a common global health problem with significant mortality and morbidity. Values are means ± SD. Following 6 wk of treatment, the change in SBP among participants who consumed the hibiscus tea was greater than in participants who consumed the placebo beverage (P = 0.030) (Table 3). Aliquots were stored in 2-mL NUNC tubes (Vanguard Cryotubes) at −80°C. May Boost Liver Health. El-Saadany SS, Sitohy MZ, Labib SM, el-Massry RA. BP change in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults following a 6-wk intervention with placebo beverage or H. sabdariffa tea1. For high blood pressure: Hibiscus tea made by adding 1.25-20 grams or 150 mg/kg of hibiscus to 150 mL to 1000 mL of boiling water has been used. More research is required.Â. Il s'agit donc, en médecine traditionnelle comme conventionnelle, de rester à l'écoute de son corps et autonome dans ses choix. Compliance was measured by having each participant record their assigned beverage intake using a daily diary chart and by having the study dietitian count unused tea bags or measure unused placebo concentrate at each visit. All tea bags were prepared from the same lot and a sample from this lot was retained. Manach C, Williamson G, Morand C, Scalbert A, Remesy C. Obiefuna PCM, Owolabi OA, Adegunloye BJ, Obiefuna IP, Sofola OA. In one randomized, controlled study, researchers tested to see how hibiscus tea compared to captopril, a well-known pharmaceutical blood pressure medication. The ACE inhibitor activity and natriuretic effects of H. sabdariffa have also been observed in human studies (18,19). lose weight, increase physical activity, and reduce sodium and alcohol consumption) lowered their SBP by 3.7 mm Hg greater than those given more general advice (control group) (P < 0.001), whereas participants who were given the established advice and followed the DASH diet lowered their SBP by 4.3 mm Hg compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Appel LJ, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, Vollmer WM, Svetkey LP, Sacks FM, Bray GA, Vogt TM, Cutler JA, et al.Â, Appel LJ, Champagne CM, Harsha DW, Cooper LS, Obarzanek E, Elmer PJ, Stevens VJ, Vollmer WM, Lin PH, et al.Â. Herraro-Arellano et al. Based on a study in Tufts University by Diane Mckay showed that blood pressure of people who consume hibiscus tea in a daily basis drop 7.2 points in their systolic blood pressure. J Nutr. These include: Vitamin C — aka ascorbic acid — is also an antioxidant. Many polyphenols, particularly the flavonoids, possess relatively potent antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor, and antiviral activities (4). Hibiscus sabdariffa is a plant known in many countries and is consumed as hot and cold drinks In addition to its use in folk medicine; it has been suggested as treatment for many conditions including hypertension. Dans une étude, 65 personnes souffrant d'hypertension artérielle ont reçu de la tisane d'hibiscus ou un placebo. The concentration of total anthocyanins was determined spectrophotometrically (23). In the hibiscus group, the magnitude of SBP reduction was higher in individuals with higher baseline SBP. High Blood Pressure Drinking hibiscus tea may benefit people with hypertension (high blood pressure), according to a 2015 review of studies published in the Journal of Hypertension . At 6 wk, hibiscus tea lowered systolic BP (SBP) compared with placebo (−7.2 ± 11.4 vs. −1.3 ± 10.0 mm Hg; P = 0.030). Accuracy of Freehand versus Navigated Thoracolumbar Pedicle Screw Placement in Patients with Metastatic Tumors of the Spine. Drink with style the ‘All Red’ herbal tisane with handpicked Hibiscus petals processed in small batches for a great citri treat Hibiscus tea has been known to prevent hypertension, lower blood pressure, reduce blood sugar levels, keep your liver healthy, help with menstrual cramps, help with depression, aid digestion and help with weight management. Other potential mechanisms of action related to the effects of the anthocyanins present in H. sabdariffa are also possible (36–39). This outcome was not unexpected, because the participants in these nonplacebo–controlled studies had higher initial SBP (+10–30 mm Hg) and DBP (+12–22 mm Hg) than our participants and were taking antihypertensive medication prior to the intervention. Their blood pressure decreased around 10% systolic and 12% diastolic. 2010 Feb;140(2):298-303. Previous studies conducted in hypertensive patients used a higher dose of H. sabdariffa to compare its effects with that of either black tea (16) or a hypotensive drug (18). O. Chen, E. Saltzman, and J. Its mode of action may be as a potent diuretic or "water pill." The change in mean arterial pressure was of borderline significance compared with placebo (−4.5 ± 7.7 vs. −0.8 ± 7.4 mm Hg; P = 0.054). Jonadet M, Bastide J, Bastide P, Boyer B, Carnat AP, Lamaison JL. One study showed that hibiscus extract limits cell growth and reduces the invasiveness of mouth cancer. Hertog MG, Feskens EJ, Hollman PC, Katan MB, Kromhout D. Hertog MGL, Kromhout D, Aravanis C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, Fidanza F, Giampaoli S, Jansen A, Menotti A, et al.Â. J Nutr. Unless otherwise noted, results are expressed as mean ± SD. Onyenekwe PC, Ajani EO, Ameh DA, Gamaniel KS. Cholesterol All data are expressed as μmol trolox equivalents/g. Study personnel and participants were unaware of which beverage was being tested and of treatment assignment for the duration of the intervention. The plant also contains phytoestrogens (or plant estrogens) that may decrease the effectiveness of birth control medication.Â, Pregnancy The total phenol content of freshly brewed H. sabdariffa tea and placebo beverage was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction (22). They were told the study purpose was to examine the effects of a hibiscus beverage and the word “tea” was avoided in all advertising, instructional, and consent documents. La tisane et l’extrait d’hibiscus peuvent aider à réduire l’hypertension artérielle et être bénéfiques pour les adultes hypertendus. Cardiovascular risk factors and their effects on the decision to treat hypertension: evidence based review, © 2010 The American Institute of Nutrition, Lipid Source and Peroxidation Status Alter Immune Cell Recruitment in Broiler Chicken Ileum, Prenatal Diet and Children's Trajectories of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms from 3 to 8 Years: The EDEN Mother-Child Cohort, U-Shaped Association between Dietary Acid Load and Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures in 2 Populations at High Cardiovascular Risk, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Effects of Oats and Oat Processing on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Insulin Responses, Plasma Metabolomic Profiles of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Carbohydrate Quality Index in the PREDIMED Study, Food Environment and Supply on Dietary and Lifestyle Choices, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Habitual Coffee and Tea Consumption and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in the UK Biobank: The Role of Beverage Types and Genetic Variation, Estimated Substitution of Tea or Coffee for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Was Associated with Lower Type 2 Diabetes Incidence in Case–Cohort Analysis across 8 European Countries in the EPIC-InterAct Study, Beverage Habits and Mortality in Chinese Adults. Some studies show that drinking hibiscus tea may help reduce systolic blood pressure levels compared to a placebo. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. tea (tisane) lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults. If you take medications for high blood pressure or diabetes, it can cause a significant drop in blood pressure. Although the health benefits of following the dietary pattern described in the DASH and PREMIER trials are substantiated, consumers may find these dietary changes too complex or difficult to comply with in full. Their control group consumed black tea prepared similarly. Data were collected on BP measurements and anthocyanin levels in plasma and urine (pilot study) and from FFQ. Animal models and a limited number of human studies have shown beneficial changes in measures related to cardiovascular health following the consumption of polyphenols, including increases in endothelial function and inhibition of platelet aggregation (41). Frank T, Janssen M, Netzel M, Strass G, Kler A, Kriesl E, Bitsch I. Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Ravent RM. A standardized method was used to measure BP at baseline and weekly intervals. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to study the effects of hibiscus tea consumption on BP among otherwise healthy pre- and mildly-hypertensive adults. These risks include: Hibiscus and Mallow Blood samples were collected in EDTA-containing evacuated tubes and centrifuged within 15 min of drawing (3000 × g, 15 min, 4°C) with a SUR-Sep cap (Organon Teknika). I. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, estimated to account for 35% of myocardial infarction and stroke, 49% of heart failure, and 24% of premature mortality (42). Baseline characteristics of study participants1. The dietary change assessed in this study, i.e. Dietary assessments were made during the second baseline (wk 0) and end of study (wk 6) visits using a validated FFQ (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Food Frequency Questionnaire version 06.10.88, Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA) to determine usual nutrient intakes and detect any significant changes that may have occurred during the intervention period. The mean fasting SBP and DBP measurements collected on visits 1 and 2 were combined and serve as the baseline (preintervention) BP reading. Anthocyanins give the plant its vibrant color. Deaths from diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke and atherosclerosis are directly associated with hypertension. One study showed that hibiscus extract reduced body weight, body fat, and body mass index after 12 weeks.Â. Compared with placebo, hibiscus tea lowered systolic blood pressure by 7.2 mmHg. Hibiscus sabdariffa is a popular herb used for medicinal purposes throughout the world. Effect of Single Versus Multiple Fractures on Systemic Bone Loss in Mice. Compliance with the study protocol was >90%. The effects of hibiscus tea on blood pressure were studied in 65 individuals with either pre- or stage-one high blood pressure who were not taking medication. Regression analysis indicated that the hibiscus tea treatment was responsible for the BP-lowering effect regardless of age, gender, or dietary supplement use. 1). *Different from hibiscus, P < 0.05. In Nigeria, it is used to make a popular beverage called ‘Zobo’ 1 that is consumed to help treat health conditions such as high blood pressure, anemia, cancer 2,3 and kidney stones 4. (21) to achieve peak plasma concentrations. Giusti MM, Rodríguez-Saona LE, Griffin D, Wrolstad RE. Supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no. It can help boost your immune system and may help to prevent cell damage caused by free radicals in the body. Black tea is not an inert placebo because it contains caffeine, catechins, and flavonols, compounds known to affect vasodilation. 58-1950-001 and by Celestial Seasonings of the Hain Celestial Group, Inc., Boulder, CO. 1). Participants' usual dietary intake of energy, macronutrients, micronutrients known to affect BP, alcohol, and caffeine did not differ between the placebo and treatment groups during the intervention. The effectiveness of Hibiscus sabdariffa in the treatment of hypertension: a systematic review. Concentrated H. sabdariffa beverages lower blood pressure (BP)7 in patients with hypertension (16) and type 2 diabetes (17) compared with black tea (C. sinensis) and have an effect similar to common hypotensive drugs (18,19). Hibiscus tea may provide antibacterial properties. “Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Tea (Tisane) Lowers Blood Pressure in Pre-hypertensive and Mildly Hypertensive Adults”, Journal of Nutrition, 2010. Its mode of action may be as a potent diuretic or "water pill." Whereas the maximum hypotensive effect was observed after a few weeks of treatment, further research is warranted to understand the relative contributions of the acute and chronic actions of hibiscus. So, those planning to have a child or those who are on Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should avoid having hibiscus tisane. Effects of this magnitude are considered important for public health. Our objective in this study was to examine the antihypertensive effects of H. sabdariffa tisane (hibiscus tea) consumption in humans. They had either one cup a day of brewed hibiscus tea or a placebo for six weeks. the a priori hypothesis. This amount of hibiscus is present in a variety of commercial, blended herbal teas. Participants' mean SBP and DBP had to be within the specified range on both baseline visits to qualify for study participation. Other test-tube studies show that hibiscus tea may help  prevent the spread of prostate cancer cells and stomach cancer cells.Â. Changes in SBP (A) and DBP (B) relative to baseline values in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults following a 6-wk intervention with placebo beverage (n = 30) or hibiscus tea (n = 35). Our objective in this study was to examine the antihypertensive effects of H. sabdariffa tisane (hibiscus tea) consumption in humans. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) (Malvaceae) tea is in widespread use across the world as a beverage and as a treatment for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Une étude menée en 2013 a trouvéque l’infusion d’hibiscus est utilisée dans une dizaine de pays comme untraitement naturel contre l’hypertension artérielle, sans preuves d’effetssecondaires nocifs – mis à part lors d’un… Copyright © 2020 American Society for Nutrition. Bien qu'il ait été prouvé que les tisanes possèdent des vertus réelles, leurs effets peuvent parfois différer d'une personne à l'autre, tout comme les médicaments. Liver analyzed data, wrote the paper, and had primary responsibility for final content. In the United States, it’s estimated about 80 million Americans (1 in 3 adults) have high blood pressure, and in 2014 it was the leading contributor to the cause of death for 410,000 people 2. Therefore, we presumed that levels of these anthocyanins would not be detected in the plasma and urine samples from participants enrolled in the main study and no further analyses of these anthocyanins were conducted. It lowered their systolic blood pressure (the first or top number of a blood pressure reading) by about 7 mm HG. The combination of these flavors is used in the beverage industry to mimic the flavor of hibiscus in commercially prepared drinks. One small iced hibiscus breeze tea cooler contains: Hibiscus tea contains vitamin C — a nutrient that plays many essential roles in the body. In animal models, extracts of hibiscus calyces possess hypocholesterolemic and anti-hypertensive properties. Qualified participants received either 3 servings/d (720 mL/d) of H. sabdariffa tea or placebo at their second baseline visit and returned once each week for the next 6 wk for subsequent data collection and reassessment. “Hibiscus sabdariffa extract lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function.” The placebo beverage contained none of the anthocyanin compounds present in the hibiscus tea. Salleh MN, Runnie I, Roach PD, Mohamed S, Abeywardena MY. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Plasma samples for anthocyanin analysis were prepared by adding 0.3 mL of 0.44 mol/L trifluoroacetic acid to 1.5 mL of plasma following centrifugation (21). Many of the current studies have been limited to individuals with certain conditions, however, and some show conflicting results.Â, Improve 1. A randomized, double-blind, lisinopril-controlled clinical trial, Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure, Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanidin-3-glycosides following consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract, Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, Quantitative methods of anthocyanins. Values for these 3 determinations of SBP, DBP, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were averaged. In vitro studies have shown Hibiscus sabdariffa L., an ingredient of many herbal tea blends and other beverages, has antioxidant properties. Haji Faraji and Haji Tarkhani (16) tested 54 patients, mean age 52 y, in a hospital-based, randomized, clinical trial over a 15-d period. The Journal of Nutrition: "Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Tea (Tisane) Lowers Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive and Mildly Hypertensive Adults." Determination of total anthocyanin and degradation index for cranberry juice, Electrospray and tandem mass spectroscopy as tools for anthocyanin characterization, Anthocyanins are detected in human plasma after oral administration of an elderberry extract, Development and validation of an improved oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay using fluorescein as the fluorescent probe, A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure, Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control: main results of the PREMIER clinical trial, Phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxological aspects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L: a review, Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in human. Ground, dried calyces of the H. sabdariffa plant were supplied by Celestial Seasonings. D.L.M., J.B.B., and E.S. Observational studies show that diets high in plant foods are associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer (1,2). Future research should consider whether combining the DASH diet with daily hibiscus tea consumption confers a greater reduction in BP than either approach alone. Along with anthocyanins, hibiscus tea also contains another antioxidant called polyphenols, which have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. While hibiscus tea may provide health benefits, it may also present some risks. Urine samples for anthocyanin analysis were prepared by adding 0.2 mL of 0.44 mol/L trifluoroacetic acid to 1-mL aliquots prior to storage at −80°C. Many people drink it because of its potential health benefits. In total, 324 volunteers were recruited for the initial baseline screening visits between August 2005 and October 2007. alcohol and caffeine, did not differ between the placebo and treatment groups during the intervention and, thus, were not responsible for the observed change in BP. Values are means ± SEM, n = 30 (placebo) or 35 (hibiscus). (18) studies was approximately double the amount we observed. Making a cup of hibiscus brew is extremely simple. One study with human participants showed that hibiscus extract may improve liver steatosis, which could reduce the risk of liver failure. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA with linear contrast (repeated measures 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 wk). It may also be just as effective as some medications at fighting many different bacteria strains.Â, Several studies show the potential of hibiscus tea to promote weight loss and prevent obesity. These results suggest daily consumption of hibiscus tea, in an amount readily incorporated into the diet, lowers BP in pre- and mildly hypertensive adults and may prove an effective component of the dietary changes recommended for people with these conditions. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. tea (tisane) lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults. The patients were randomly allocated to the ST and BT groups and … Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 15.0 according to a preestablished analysis plan. The potential mechanisms of action for the BP-lowering effect of H. sabdariffa were not determined in our study but have been explored by others. Daily consumption of 3 servings of H. sabdariffa (hibiscus) tea, an amount readily incorporated into the diet, effectively lowered BP in pre- and mildly hypertensive adults. Interestingly, recommendations for the consumption of plant-based beverages (except for fruit juices) such as tea (Camilla sinensis) and tisanes (herbal teas) are absent despite their being particularly rich sources of phytochemicals, especially polyphenols. Oliver Chen, Edward Saltzman, Jeffrey B. Blumberg, Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Tea (Tisane) Lowers Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive and Mildly Hypertensive Adults, The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 140, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 298–303, https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.115097. Participants were randomized according to a computer-generated randomization list stratified by gender and age. The BP-lowering effects of hibiscus tea observed in our study were greater than those reported in 2 large dietary interventions, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (27) and PREMIER (28) trials, both of which included participants with baseline BP measures similar to our volunteers. The first report regarding the hypotensive effect of the drug dates back to 1936 . Different from baseline at 6 wk, P < 0.05; Different from placebo at 6 wk, P < 0.05. Â, Reduce The authors concluded the study results “proves the public belief and the results of in vitro studies concerning the effects of sour tea on lowering high blood pressure.” Similarly, a double-blind randomized controlled trial12 was conducted to compare the antihypertensive effectiveness of hibiscus tea with black tea in 60 type-2 diabetic patients with hypertension. Diane L. McKay, C-Y. Baseline blood samples from fasting participants were collected during the second baseline visit following the initial fasting BP measurement. The observed BP-lowering effect of hibiscus tea could be due to its major flavonoid components, delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside. After 6 mo, participants in the PREMIER study given established lifestyle advice (i.e. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Again, the current research is limited to test-tube studies. This was confirmed in our pilot study during which no anthocyanins were detected in plasma or urine within 1 h of consuming the hibiscus tea, despite being within the time observed by Frank et al. and C-Y.O.C. A previous study reported the consumption of a beverage prepared with H. sabdariffa reduced SBP by 17.6 ± 6.8 mm Hg (mean ± SD) in hypertensive patients (n = 54) (16). The limit of detection was 1 pmol on column. The extract lowered BP from baseline after 4 wk (P < 0.05), although the magnitude of this effect was lower than that achieved in the comparison group treated with 10 mg lisinopril (P < 0.05). Hibiscus is known to lower estrogen levels, hormones that are responsible for maintaining reproductive health in females. This is the first reported placebo-controlled clinical trial, to our knowledge, to examine the effect of hibiscus tea on BP. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. In one study, people who drank hibiscus tea experienced an increase in “good cholesterol” (high-density lipoproteins) and a decrease in “bad cholesterol” (low-density lipoproteins). In a separate pilot study, blood and urine samples were collected from 3 of the investigators to serve as reference standards for the analyses of data obtained from participants enrolled in the main study. McKay DL, et al. Concerns, The phytoestrogens in hibiscus tea may cause complications during pregnancy. For high blood pressure: Hibiscus tea made by adding 1.25-20 grams or 150 mg/kg of hibiscus to 150 mL to 1000 mL of boiling water has been used. Fasting blood and urine samples were collected using the same procedures described above. Interval SBP (A) and DBP (B) in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults during a 6-wk intervention with placebo beverage or hibiscus tea. 2. Author disclosures: D. L. McKay, C-Y. Other bioavailability studies show that anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed and eliminated and that they are absorbed with poor efficiency (30). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with refractory cardiogenic shock due to acute myocarditis and mononeuritis multiplex after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an adult. The research on the use of hibiscus for treating high blood pressure is quite impressive. Dietary intake of vitamin C, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and other dietary factors known to have an effect on BP, i.e. Fasting clean catch spot urine samples were collected during the second baseline and end of study (wk 6) visits only and stored at −80°C. Compared with baseline, 6 wk of treatment with hibiscus tea lowered mean SBP by 5.5% (P = 0.001), DBP by 4.0% (P = 0.013), and MAP by 4.7% (P = 0.002), whereas the placebo beverage did not affect these variables. Both beverages were analyzed for their total phenol content, anthocyanin levels (delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside), and antioxidant capacity (using the ORAC assay) (Table 1). Interval blood samples from fasting participants were drawn similarly at each subsequent weekly visit. Sign Up to Receive Our Free Coroanvirus Newsletter, Potential Health Benefits of Hibiscus Tea, Becoming a Vegetarian: Foods to Choose From. The Journal of Nutrition: “Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Tea (Tisane) Lowers Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive and Mildly Hypertensive Adults.” Higher doses may be toxic. In vitro and animal studies show that H. sabdariffa is a vasorelaxant (12,13,31), perhaps via action on calcium channels (32), an ACE inhibitor (33), and a diuretic (14,34,35). By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Coronavirus in Context: Interviews With Experts. Owolabi OA, Adegunloye BJ, Ajagbona OP, Sofola OA, Obiefuna PCM. No effects were observed with regard to age, gender, or dietary supplement use. Correlation coefficients r and nominal P-values were calculated with the Pearson test. Al-Awwadi NA, Araiz C, Bornet A, Delbosc S, Cristol JP, Linck N, Azay J, Teissedre PL, Cros G. Sacanella E, Vasquez-Agell M, Mena MP, Antúnez E, Fernández-Solá J, Nicolás JM, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Ros E, Estruch R. Erlund I, Koli R, Alfthan G, Marniemi J, Puukka P, Mustonen P, Mattila P, Jula A. The BP measurement was then repeated every 5 min for the next 15 min. The specific attributes of H. sabdariffa to cardiovascular health, including its ability to lower BP (12–19) and its potential hypocholesterolemic effects (9–11), are not well understood and further research in this area is warranted. Hibiscus tisane is considered to be very safe. To compare the antihypertensive effectiveness of sour tea (ST; Hibiscus sabdariffa) with black tea (BT) infusion in diabetic patients, this double-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out. A significant treatment × linear time interaction (P = 0.018) was observed for interval changes in SBP (Fig. The BP-lowering effects of hibiscus tea observed in our study weregreater than those reported in2 large dietary interventions, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (27) and TABLE 3 BP change in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults following a 6-wk intervention with placebo beverage or H. sabdariffa tea1

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