Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. [100], Princes Mircea I and Vlad III of Wallachia, and Stephen III of Moldavia defended their countries' independence against the Ottomans. Les municipes n'ont pas de subdivisions administratives même si, de façon non officielle, les grands municipes sont divisés en quartiers. [176], Romania entered World War II soon after the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. Program : Luni-Vineri intre orele 10-20. [274] Romanian troops participated in the occupation of Iraq, reaching a peak of 730 soldiers before being slowly drawn down to 350 soldiers. The largest ethnic minorities are the Hungarians, 6.1% of the population, and the Roma, 3.0% of the population. [317] The number of tourists has been rising steadily, reaching 9.33 million foreign tourists in 2016, according to the Worldbank. [147][148] Romania seized Southern Dobruja from Bulgaria in the Second Balkan War in 1913. Rechercher. [142] Leaders of the Romanian National Party proposed the federalisation of Austria-Hungary and the Romanian intellectuals established a cultural association to promote the use of Romanian. Juni 2018 um 23:59 Uhr bearbeitet. [132][133] The Wallachian revolutionists were the first to adopt the blue, yellow and red tricolour as the national flag. Accueil. [414] Multiple castles exist in Romania, including the popular tourist attractions of Peleș Castle,[415] Corvin Castle, and Bran Castle or "Dracula's Castle". [189][190], During the Soviet occupation of Romania, the Communist-dominated government called for new elections in 1946, which they fraudulently won, with a fabricated 70% majority of the vote. 2010. [105], The Kingdom of Hungary collapsed, and the Ottomans occupied parts of Banat and Crișana in 1541. [338][339] The country joined the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2011,[340] and CERN in 2016. [281] Metropolitan areas have been constituted for most of these cities. Les communes n'apparaissent pas dans cette liste. Buy the wine you like at the best price, directly from the winemaker. [320] The popular summer attractions of Mamaia and other Black Sea Resorts attracted 1.3 million tourists in 2009. It is the fourth-largest Orthodox Church in the world,[368] and unlike other Orthodox churches, it functions within a Latin culture and utilises a Romance liturgical language. [70][71] The Gesta also listed many peoples—Slavs, Bulgarians, Vlachs, Khazars, and Székelys—inhabiting the same regions. [391] It covers medical examinations, any surgical interventions, and any post-operative medical care, and provides free or subsidised medicine for a range of diseases. Alte particularități comune graiurilor sunt: uneori, căderea lui [a] inițial neaccentuat: ... Histoire de la langue roumaine (Istoria limbii române), vol. [413] The city of Sibiu, with its Brukenthal National Museum, was selected as the 2007 European Capital of Culture. [256], Since December 1989, Romania has pursued a policy of strengthening relations with the West in general, more specifically with the United States and the European Union, albeit with limited relations involving the Russian Federation. [430], Football is the most popular sport in Romania with over 219,000 registered players as of 2018[update]. [149] German and Austrian-Hungarian diplomacy supported Bulgaria during the war, bringing about a rapprochement between Romania and the Triple Entente of France, Russia and the United Kingdom. ich bin ihm in Dankbarkeit verbunden. [325] Other attractions include the Danube Delta or the Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu. [387] Romania has achieved the highest team score in the competition, after China, Russia, the United States and Hungary. [467] In present-day Cristina Neagu is the most notable player and has a record four IHF World Player of the Year awards. Bulgakov RG, Kuleshov SP, Zuzlov AN, Khalilov LM, … Le statut ne s'acquiert donc pas automatiquement en remplissant les critères mentionnés. [235]:17 It lies between latitudes 43° and 49° N and longitudes 20° and 30° E. The terrain is distributed roughly equally between mountains, hills, and plains. [105] Transylvania and Maramureș, along with the rest of Banat and Crișana developed into a new state under Ottoman suzerainty, the Principality of Transylvania. COMUNITATE ECONOMICĂ EUROPEANĂ (Communauté Economique Européene, C.E.E.) In October 2011, Romanians made up 88.9% of the population. [286] Romania's net average monthly wage increased to 666 euro as of 2020,[287] and an inflation rate of −1.1% in 2016. [166][167] The democratic parties were squeezed between conflicts with the fascist and anti-Semitic Iron Guard and the authoritarian tendencies of King Carol II. [165] Two parties, the National Liberal Party and the National Peasants' Party, dominated political life, but the Great Depression brought about significant changes in the 1930s. The prefect is appointed by the central government but cannot be a member of any political party. [177] The country regained Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, and the Germans placed Transnistria (the territory between the rivers Dniester and Dnieper) under Romanian administration. [68], The Magyars (or Hungarians) took control of the steppes north of the Lower Danube in the 830s, but the Bulgarians and the Pechenegs jointly forced them to abandon this region for the lowlands along the Middle Danube around 894. Base de données géographiques, lieux, villes et communes dans le monde entier. [337] In recent years, Romania has ranked the lowest or second-lowest in the European Union by research and development spending as a percentage of GDP, standing at roughly 0.5% in 2016 and 2017, substantially below the EU average of just over 2%. Sper să nu prind ziua când ne vor bate iar, "Ne-a părăsit Ştefan Sameş, fostul mare fundaş al Stelei", "L'Equipe: Nicolae Dobrin, cel mai valoros jucător român din istorie. [243], The fauna of Romania consists of 33,792 species of animals, 33,085 invertebrate and 707 vertebrate,[243] with almost 400 unique species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians,[244] including about 50% of Europe's (excluding Russia) brown bears[245] and 20% of its wolves. [395] As of 2013[update], the emigration rate of doctors was 9%, higher than the European average of 2.5%. [210][211], The subsequent disintegration of the Front produced several political parties, including most notably the Social Democratic Party (PDSR then PSD) and the Democratic Party (PD and subsequently PDL). Agrij é uma comuna romena localizada no distrito de Sălaj, na região de Transilvânia. [249], The Constitution of Romania is based on the constitution of France's Fifth Republic and was approved in a national referendum on 8 December 1991 and amended in October 2003 to bring it into conformity with EU legislation. [172] Romania was forced to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union on 26 June 1940, Northern Transylvania to Hungary on 30 August, and Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria in September. [252][255] Romania's 2007 entry into the EU has been a significant influence on its domestic policy, and including judicial reforms, increased judicial cooperation with other member states, and measures to combat corruption. ROMÂNIA JUDEŢUL MARAMUREŞ ORAŞUL TĂUŢII-MĂGHERĂUŞ CONSILIUL LOCAL HOTĂRÂREA Nr. 18,500 wine references at vineyard price with free delivery from 6 bottles per producer. [56][57][58] The Goths' rule ended abruptly when the Huns invaded their territory in 376, causing new waves of migrations. [117] The organization of the Transylvanian Military Frontier caused further disturbances, especially among the Székelys in 1764. [153] The General Congress of Bukovina proclaimed the union of the province with Romania on 28 November 1918, and the Grand National Assembly proclaimed the union of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the kingdom on 1 December. What to expect from Romania at Rio 2016 Olympic Games", România Un Secol de Istorie – statistical data, Treasures of the national library of Romania, Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romania&oldid=992910787, Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, Romanian-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1859, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010, Articles with dead external links from June 2020, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Articles with dead external links from November 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from November 2019, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Communis pagina interretialis ; Haec stipula ad urbem spectat. [329], Historically, Romanian researchers and inventors have made notable contributions to several fields. Bagi pengidap gangguan kesehatan tersebut, pengaturan pola makan menjadi bagian utama untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Other denominations include Protestantism (6.2%), Roman Catholicism (4.3%), and Greek Catholicism (0.8%). [217][218], Nevertheless, there have been efforts to tackle corruption. rattacher [ʀataʃe] VERB refl. [246], Owing to its distance from open sea and its position on the southeastern portion of the European continent, Romania has a climate that is temperate and continental, with four distinct seasons. Glossaire. Chiffres présents dans le recensement 2002 comme référence pour l'évolution de la population dans chaque ville, Turnu Severin (Drobeta-Turnu Severin officiellement), Liste des noms latins des villes des Balkans, Secteurs (arrondissements) des grandes municipalités, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liste_des_villes_de_Roumanie&oldid=170382330, Pages avec des arguments non numériques dans formatnum, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. [160] Romania was a multiethnic country, with ethnic minorities making up about 30% of the population, but the new constitution declared it a unitary national state in 1923. [158][161][162] Although minorities could establish their own schools, Romanian language, history and geography could only be taught in Romanian. The PKI leadership was arrested by the army, but was later released in accordance with Sukarno's orders. [144] Ethnic Romanian politicians sharply opposed the Hungarian government's attempts to transform Hungary into a national state, especially the laws prescribing the obligatory teaching of Hungarian. [115] The Church Union strengthened the Romanian intellectuals' devotion to their Roman heritage. Trade is mostly centred on the member states of the European Union, with Germany and Italy being the country's single largest trading partners. These would last until the 15th century. [67] The Romanians also adopted Old Church Slavonic as their liturgical language. Guide touristique de la Printre Cărți, în doar 3 pași simpli. During this period the regime launched several campaigns of purges during which numerous "enemies of the state" and "parasite elements" were targeted for different forms of punishment including: deportation, internal exile, internment in forced labour camps and prisons—sometimes for life—as well as extrajudicial killing. [284] However, a recession following the global financial crisis of 2008–2009 forced the government to borrow externally, including an IMF €20 billion bailout program. Oleh: Steph Tupeng Witin SVD. "I saved four penalties to win the European Cup... but it was my last ever game, "Victor Piţurcă. [270], Romania contributed troops to the international coalition in Afghanistan beginning in 2002,[271] with a peak deployment of 1,600 troops in 2010 (which was the 4th largest contribution according to the US). [3] Bucharest is the capital and the largest city in Romania, with a population of over 1.8 million in 2011. 53 talking about this. [329] According to the country's National Statistics Institute, some 77% came from Europe (particularly from Germany, Italy, and France), 12% from Asia, and less than 7% from North America. [277] Each county is subdivided further into cities and communes, which have their own mayor and local council. At the country's 2011 census, 81.0% of respondents identified as Orthodox Christians belonging to the Romanian Orthodox Church. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 3 mai 2020 à 13:16. Bratsch Notes deVoyage ℗ 1988 NIGLO Released on: 1988-03-15 Auto-generated by YouTube. [453] Romania's home ground is the Arena Națională in Bucharest. [122] The neighboring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsburg Monarchy annexed the northwestern part of Moldavia, or Bukovina, in 1775, and the Russian Empire seized the eastern half of Moldavia, or Bessarabia, in 1812. [40][41] He also conquered the Greek colonies in Dobruja and the neighbouring peoples as far as the Middle Danube and the Balkan Mountains between around 55 and 44 BC. Castles, fortifications, or strongholds as well as preserved medieval Transylvanian cities or towns such as Cluj-Napoca, Sibiu, Brașov, Bistrița, Mediaș, Cisnădie, or Sighișoara also attract a large number of tourists. [476] The Romanian competitors have won gold medals in other Olympic sports: athletics, canoeing, wrestling, shooting, fencing, swimming, weightlifting, boxing, and judo.[477]. [150] After they promised Austrian-Hungarian territories with a majority of ethnic Romanian population to Romania in the Treaty of Bucharest, Romania entered the war against the Central Powers in 1916. [91] Also in the 13th century, during one of its greatest periods of expansion, the Republic of Genoa started establishing many colonies and commercial and military ports on the Black Sea, in the current territory of Romania. Amongst countries who have never hosted the event themselves, they are second in the total number of medals earned. [11] Following the outbreak of World War I, after declaring its neutrality in 1914, Romania fought on the side of the Allied Powers beginning in 1916. [77], Byzantine missionaries proselytised in the lands east of the Tisa from the 940s[78] and Byzantine troops occupied Dobruja in the 970s. Romania derives from the Latin romanus, meaning "citizen of Rome". [278] The cities and communes correspond to the NUTS-5 level divisions, but there are no current NUTS-4 level divisions. Amintiri târzii cu 'Gerd Muller al României' – Fanatik.ro", "Kicker: "Nemuritorul" Dorinel Munteanu | Romania Libera", "Middlesbrough seek UEFA Cup cure – UEFA.com", "Cum putea Dinamo domina Europa, în viziunea lui Lucescu! [257], In the past, recent governments have stated that one of their goals is to strengthen ties with and helping other countries (in particular Moldova, Ukraine, and Georgia) with the process of integration with the rest of the West. ", "Ansamblul sculptural Constantin Brancusi din Targu Jiu", "How important is tourism in Romania's economy? Bienvenue sur Tageo.com, annuaire mondial des villes. [131], Mihail Kogălniceanu, Nicolae Bălcescu and other leaders of the 1848 revolutions in Moldavia and Wallachia demanded the emancipation of the peasants and the union of the two principalities, but Russian and Ottoman troops crushed their revolt. The process succeeded in repaying all of Romania's foreign government debt in 1989. [296], Romania has attracted increasing amounts of foreign investment following the end of Communism, with the stock of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Romania rising to €83.8 billion in June 2019. The vast majority of the population identifies as ethnic Romanian and Eastern Orthodox Christian and are native speakers of Romanian, a Romance language. c'est la reconnaissance qui me rattache à lui. [16] It has the world's 45th largest economy by nominal GDP, with an annual economic growth rate of 3.5% as of 2020. [326][327], In 2014, Romania had 32,500 companies active in the hotel and restaurant industry, with a total turnover of €2.6 billion. [423] Ciorbă includes a wide range of sour soups, while mititei, mămăligă (similar to polenta), and sarmale are featured commonly in main courses. [24] After the abolition of serfdom in 1746, the word rumân gradually fell out of use and the spelling stabilised to the form român. [346] Starting in December 2014, Romania became a co-owner of the International Space Station. [89] Royal charters wrote of the "Vlachs' land" in southern Transylvania in the early 13th century, indicating the existence of autonomous Romanian communities. [31][32] Excavations near a salt spring at Lunca yielded the earliest evidence for salt exploitation in Europe; here salt production began between 5th millennium BC and 4th BC. In English, the name of the country was formerly spelt Rumania or Roumania. Independence proclaimed on 9 May 1877, internationally recognised in 1878. sfn error: no target: CITEREFHitchins1991 (, Giurescu, "'Alegeri' după model sovietic", p.17 (citing Berry), 18 (citing Berry and note); Macuc, p.40; Tismăneanu, p.113. Source secondaire non précisée et non vérifiée. Portail des communes de France : nos coups de coeur sur les routes de France. Rang Ville Population Județ Statut officiel 1992 [3] 2002 [4] 2011 [5] 1. [422], Romanian cuisine has been influenced by Austrian and German cuisine (especially in the historical regions that had been formerly administered by the Habsburg Monarchy), but also shares some similarities with other cuisines in the Balkan region such as the Greek, Bulgarian, or Serbian cuisine. [301], According to the Romania's National Institute of Statistics (INSSE), Romania's total road network was estimated in 2015 at 86,080 kilometres (53,488 mi). [319] More than 60% of the foreign visitors in 2007 were from other EU countries. [233], Following the experience of economic instability throughout the 1990s, and the implementation of a free travel agreement with the EU, a great number of Romanians emigrated to Western Europe and North America, with particularly large communities in Italy, Germany and Spain. [149] The country remained neutral when World War I broke out in 1914, but Prime Minister Ion I. C. Brătianu started negotiations with the Entente Powers. The annual George Enescu Festival is held in Bucharest in honour of the 20th-century composer. [283], After 1989 the country experienced a decade of economic instability and decline, led in part by an obsolete industrial base and a lack of structural reform. [118], Princes Dimitrie Cantemir of Moldavia and Constantin Brâncoveanu of Wallachia concluded alliances with the Habsburg Monarchy and Russia against the Ottomans, but they were dethroned in 1711 and 1714, respectively. The legislative branch of the government, collectively known as the Parliament (residing at the Palace of the Parliament), consists of two chambers (Senate and Chamber of Deputies) whose members are elected every four years by simple plurality. Transmissible diseases are quite common by European standards. [169][170], The 1938 Munich Agreement convinced King Carol II that France and the United Kingdom could not defend Romanian interests. [428][429] Traditional alcoholic beverages also include wine, rachiu, palincă and vișinată, but beer consumption has increased dramatically over recent years. [267], The Air Force currently operates modernised Soviet MiG-21 Lancer fighters. The account balance in 2012 was estimated to be 4.52% of GDP. Foreign citizens and stateless persons who live in Romania have access to justice and education in their own language. [254] There are also courts of appeal, county courts and local courts. [397] Following the war, under the occupation of the Red Army's forces, Romania became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact. [468] In women's handball, powerhouse CSM București lifted the EHF Champions League trophy in 2016. [475] Other Romanian athletes who collected five gold medals like Comăneci are rowers Elisabeta Lipa (1984-2004) and Georgeta Damian (2000-2008). [433] Other successful players include the European Golden Shoe winners: Dudu Georgescu, Dorin Mateuț and Rodion Cămătaru, Nicolae Dobrin,[434] Ilie Balaci,[435] Florea Dumitrache,[436] Mihai Mocanu,[437] Michael Klein,[438] Mircea Rednic,[438] Cornel Dinu,[436] Mircea Lucescu,[439] Costică Ștefănescu,[440] Liță Dumitru,[441] Lajos Sătmăreanu,[442] Ștefan Sameș,[443] Ladislau Bölöni,[444] Anghel Iordănescu,[445] Miodrag Belodedici,[446] Helmuth Duckadam,[447] Marius Lăcătuș,[438] Victor Pițurcă[448] and many others, and most recently Gheorghe Popescu,[449] Florin Răducioiu,[450] Dorinel Munteanu,[451] Dan Petrescu,[452] Adrian Mutu,[453] Cristian Chivu,[453] or Cosmin Contra. [40] Burebista was the first Dacian ruler to unite the local tribes. Some scholars regard it as a basically accurate account, others describe it as a literary work filled with invented details. Population en tant que commune, avant que la localité soit devenue une ville. 1,327 likes. An overwhelming majority of the population identify themselves as Christians. Economic growth accelerated in the midst of government liberalisations in opening up new sectors to competition and investment—most notably, energy and telecoms. [359] For example, in 1990, 96,919 Romanians permanently settled abroad. Während auch nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg und der Gründung der Republik Türkei 1923 noch zahlreiche Griechen in Istanbul lebten, setzte nach dem sogenannten Pogrom von Istanbul am 7.
Expression Prénom Rime, Poulet Curry Sans Crème, Bareme Salaire Ulg, Meuble Salle De Bain Asymétrique, Suspension Luminaire Style Industriel, Fais Comme L'oiseau Wiki, Yorkshire Grande Taille, Zebrure Mots Fléchés, Eclectus Femelle Qui Parle, Riz Au Sardine Conserve, Competition 5 Lettres, Maison à Vendre à Grand-bigard,